ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effect of exercise on the celluar immune function of mice induced by PM2.5. Methods Twenty-four male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned into four groups, filtered air, concentrated PM2.5, exercise and filtered air, and exercise and concentrated PM2.5, with six mice in each group.The mice in the exercise group ran on the treadmill for 1 h every day, and then the mice in the four groups were respectively exposed to concentrated PM2.5 or filtered air after 1 h of rest.After twenty-four weeks, flow cytometric assay was used to detect the quantity of CD3+CD4+CD8a+ T cells, CD18+ T cells and CD154+ T cells in spleen in mice of the four groups. Results The median concentration of PM2.5 in the exposure chamber, filtered chamber and ambient air were 49.24, 12.18, 32.25 μg/m3, respectively.PM2.5 exposure led to increase in CD3+CD4+CD8a+ T cells (P < 0.05) and decrease in CD154+ T cells (P < 0.05), whereas running was beneficial for decreasing CD3+CD4+CD8a+ T cells (P < 0.05) and increasing CD154+ T cells (P < 0.05). Conclusions PM2.5 exposure induces perturbation of the immune system.Regular running proves to be helpful for maintaining the balance of the immune system and improving the body′s resistance to PM2.5.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aimed to assess the association between emergency-room visits for respiratory tract infection (RTI) with diurnal temperature range (DTR), a weather parameter closely associated with urbanization and global climate change.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We conducted a semiparametric time-series analysis to estimate the percentage increase in emergency-room visits for RTI associated with changes in DTR after adjustment for daily weather conditions (temperature and relative humidity) and outdoor air pollution.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>DTR was significantly associated with daily emergency-room visits for RTI. An increase of 1 °C in the current-day (L0) and in the 2-day moving average (L01) DTR corresponded to a 0.94% [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.34%-1.55%] and 2.08% (95% CI, 1.24%-2.93%) increase in emergency-room visits for RTI, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DTR was associated with increased risk of RTI. More studies are needed to understand the impact of DTR on respiratory health.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , China , Emergency Service, Hospital , Respiratory Tract Infections , Epidemiology , TemperatureABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>to explore effects of airborne fine particulate matter exposure on human respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>one hundred and seven field traffic policemen were recruited as airborne fine particulate matter high-exposure group and one hundred and one male residents as common exposure group. The individual sampler was used to measure fine particulate matter exposure levels of the two groups. To obtain personal information, especially respiratory symptoms such as cough, sputum, etc. a questionnaire survey was used. The pulmonary ventilation function was detected: forced expiratory vital capacity (FVC), the first 1 second forced expiratory volume (FEV1.0), FVC/FEV1.0% and peak flow values (PEF), and the difference of fine particulate matter exposure level and respiratory function of the two groups was compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>24 h individual average fine particulate matter exposure concentration of traffic police and residents were respectively (115.4 ± 46.17) microg/m(3) and (74.94 ± 40.09) microg/m(3), the traffic police PM2.5 exposure levels were significantly higher than the residents. In the incidence of respiratory symptoms, compared with high-exposure group and common exposure group, coughing, expectoration, throat unwell, asthma, short of breath and nose discomfort, traffic police group was higher than residents group (P < 0.05). The abnormal rate of lung ventilation function indexes, such as FVC and FEV1.0 was 25.23% and 12.15% respectively in high-exposure group, 11.88% and 2.97% in common exposure group, there was no statistical difference between two groups. Besides, the abnormal rate of FVC and FEV1.0, showed rising trend in high-exposure group with seniority.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>long-term higher levels of airborne fine particulate matter exposure, may impact respiratory health and impair pulmonary function.</p>